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Technical communication.
2014
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Instructors know that Mike Markel’s Technical Communication will prepare their students for any workplace writing situation. No other text offers such a comprehensive introduction to the field while still delivering practical, effective support for students at every level. The eleventh edition has been thoroughly revised to reframe the work of technical communicators in the context of today’s highly collaborative, rapidly evolving digital practices. Fresh, social-media driven sample documents and coverage of the latest tools and technologies ensure that students work with the kinds of processes and products they’ll encounter on the job.

The text is now accompanied and enhanced by LaunchPad for Technical Communication, an online course space with an interactive e-book, multimedia sample documents for analysis, tutorials on digital writing tools, a new test bank, Learning Curve adaptive quizzes that give students more ways to master the material, and much more. Get all our great course-specific materials in one fully customizable space online; then assign and mix our resources with yours. - (Macmillan Higher Education)

Instructors know that Mike Markel’s Technical Communication will prepare their students for any workplace writing situation. No other text offers such a comprehensive introduction to the field while still delivering practical, effective support for students at every level. The eleventh edition has been thoroughly revised to reframe the work of technical communicators in the context of today’s highly collaborative, rapidly evolving digital practices. Fresh, social-media driven sample documents and coverage of the latest tools and technologies ensure that students work with the kinds of processes and products they’ll encounter on the job.

The text is now accompanied and enhanced by LaunchPad for Technical Communication, an online course space with an interactive e-book, multimedia sample documents for analysis, tutorials on digital writing tools, a new test bank, Learning Curve adaptive quizzes that give students more ways to master the material, and much more. Get all our great course-specific materials in one fully customizable space online; then assign and mix our resources with yours.

See what's in the LaunchPad

- (McMillan Palgrave)

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Table of Contents

Preface for Instructors v
Introduction for Writers xv
Part 1 Understanding the Technical Communication Environment 1(80)
1 Introduction to Technical Communication
2(15)
What Is Technical Communication?
3(2)
The Challenges Of Producing Technical Communication
5(2)
Characteristics Of A Technical Document
7(1)
Measures Of Excellence In Technical Documents
7(2)
Skills And Qualities Shared By Successful Workplace Communicators
9(2)
How Communication Skills And Qualities Affect Your Career
11(1)
A Look At Three Technical Documents
12(4)
Exercises
16(1)
Learningcurve: Understanding The Technical Communication Environment
16(1)
Case 1: Using The Measures Of Excellence In Evaluating A Résumé
16(1)
2 Understanding Ethical And Legal Considerations
17(24)
A Brief Introduction To Ethics
18(3)
Your Ethical Obligations
21(3)
Obligations To Your Employer
21(1)
Obligations To The Public
22(1)
Obligations To The Environment
23(1)
Your Legal Obligations
24(6)
Copyright Law
24(2)
Guidelines: Determining Fair Use
25(1)
Guidelines: Dealing With Copyright Questions
26(1)
Ethics Note: Distinguishing Plagiarism From Acceptable Reuse Of Information
26(1)
Trademark Law
26(1)
Guidelines: Protecting Trademarks
27(1)
Contract Law
27(1)
Liability Law
28(8)
Guidelines: Abiding By Liability Laws
29(1)
The Role Of Corporate Culture In Ethical And Legal Conduct
30(2)
Understanding Ethical And Legal Issues Related To Social Media
32(4)
Guidelines: Using Social Media Ethically And Legally
33(2)
Document Analysis Activity: Presenting Guidelines For Using Social Media
35(1)
Communicating Ethically Across Cultures
36(1)
Communicating With Cultures With Different Ethical Beliefs
36(1)
Communicating In Countries With Different Laws
36(1)
Principles For Ethical Communication
37(2)
Abide By Relevant Laws
37(1)
Abide By The Appropriate Professional Code Of Conduct
37(1)
Abide By Your Organization's Policy On Social Media
37(1)
Take Advantage Of Your Employer's Ethics Resources
37(1)
Tell The Truth
38(1)
Don't Mislead Your Readers
38(1)
Use Design To Highlight Important Ethical And Legal Information
38(1)
Be Clear
38(1)
Avoid Discriminatory Language
39(1)
Acknowledge Assistance From Others
39(1)
Writer's Checklist
39(1)
Exercises
39(1)
Learningcurve: Understanding The Technical Communication Environment
40(1)
Case 2: The Ethics Of Requiring Students To Subsidize A Plagiarism-Detection Service
40(1)
3 Writing Technical Documents
41(16)
Planning
42(6)
Analyzing Your Audience
43(1)
Analyzing Your Purpose
43(1)
Choosing Your Writing Tools
43(1)
Tutorial: Cross-Platform Word Processing With Cloudon, Quip, And More
Generating Ideas About Your Subject
44(1)
Researching Additional Information
45(1)
Organizing And Outlining Your Document
46(1)
Tech Tip: How To Use The Outline View
46(1)
Selecting An Application, A Design, And A Delivery Method
47(1)
Tutorial: Creating Outlines
Devising A Schedule And A Budget
47(1)
Drafting
48(4)
Using Templates
48(3)
Guidelines: Drafting Effectively
48(1)
Tech Tip: How To Modify Templates
49(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Identifying The Strengths And Weaknesses Of A Commercial Template
50(1)
Using Styles
51
Tech Tip: How To Use The Styles Group
51
Tutorial: Creating Styles And Templates
13(39)
Revising
52(2)
Studying The Draft By Yourself
52(1)
Seeking Help From Others
53(6)
Ethics Note: Acknowledging Reviewers Responsibly
54(1)
Editing
54(1)
Proofreading
54(1)
Writer's Checklist
55(1)
Exercises
56(1)
Learningcurve: Understanding The Technical Communication Environment
56(1)
Case 3: Understanding Why Revision Software Cannot Revise And Edit Your Document
56(1)
4 Writing Collaboratively
57(24)
Advantages And Disadvantages Of Collaboration
59(1)
Advantages Of Collaboration
59(1)
Disadvantages Of Collaboration
60(1)
Managing Projects
60(1)
Guidelines: Managing Your Project
61(1)
Conducting Meetings
61(8)
Tutorial: Scheduling Meetings Online
Listening Effectively
62(1)
Guidelines: Listening Effectively
62(1)
Setting Your Team's Agenda
62(5)
Guidelines: Setting Your Team's Agenda
62(5)
Ethics Note: Pulling Your Weight On Collaborative Projects
67(1)
Downloadable Form: Work-Schedule Form
Downloadable Form: Team-Member Evaluation Form C
Downloadable Form: Self-Evaluation Form C
Conducting Efficient Meetings
67(1)
Communicating Diplomatically
67(1)
Critiquing A Team Member's Work
67(2)
Guidelines: Communicating Diplomatically
68(1)
Guidelines: Critiquing A Colleague's Work
68(1)
Using Social Media And Other Electronic Tools In Collaboration
69(8)
Tech Tip: How To Use The Review Tab
70(1)
Word-Processing Tools
71(1)
Tutorial: Reviewing Collaborative Documents
Tutorial: Incorporating Tracked Changes
Messaging Technologies
71(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Critiquing A Draft Clearly And Diplomatically
71(1)
Videoconferencing
72(1)
Tutorial: Conducting Online Meetings
Guidelines: Participating In A Videoconference
72(2)
Wikis And Shared Document Workspaces
74(1)
Tutorial: Using Wikis For Collaborative Work
Tutorial: Using Collaborative Software
Virtual Worlds
75(9)
Ethics Note: Maintaining A Professional Presence Online
76(1)
Gender And Collaboration
77(1)
Culture And Collaboration
77(1)
Writer's Checklist
78(1)
Exercises
78(1)
Learningcurve: Understanding The Technical Communication Environment
79(1)
Case 4: Accommodating A Team Member's Scheduling Problems
79(2)
Part 2 Planning The Document 81(88)
5 Analyzing Your Audience And Purpose
82(32)
Understanding Audience And Purpose
84(1)
Using An Audience Profile Sheet
84(3)
Downloadable Form: Audience Profile Sheet Determining The Important Characteristics Of Your Audience
87(1)
Who Are Your Readers?
87(4)
Why Is Your Audience Reading Your Document?
88(1)
What Are Your Readers' Attitudes And Expectations?
89(1)
How Will Your Readers Use Your Document?
90(1)
Techniques For Learning About Your Audience
91(4)
Determining What You Already Know About Your Audience
92(1)
Interviewing People
92(1)
Reading About Your Audience Online
92(1)
Searching Social Media For Documents Your Audience Has Written
92(2)
Analyzing Social-Media Data
94(1)
Communicating Across Cultures
95(9)
Understanding The Cultural Variables "On The Surface"
95(2)
Understanding The Cultural Variables "Beneath The Surface"
97(2)
Considering Cultural Variables As You Write
99(5)
Guidelines: Writing For Readers From Other Cultures
101(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Examining Cultural Variables In A Business Letter
102(2)
Using Graphics And Design For Multicultural Readers
104(1)
Applying What You Have Learned About Your Audience
104(3)
Ethics Note: Meeting Your Readers' Needs Responsibly
104(3)
Writing For Multiple Audiences
107(1)
Determining Your Purpose
108(1)
Gaining Management's Approval
109(1)
Revising Information For A New Audience And Purpose
110(2)
Writer's Checklist
112(1)
Exercises
113(1)
Learningcurve: Analyzing Your Audience And Purpose
113(1)
Case 5: Focusing On An Audience's Needs And Interests
113(1)
6 Researching Your Subject
114(32)
Understanding The Differences Between Academic And Workplace Research
115(1)
Understanding The Research Process
116(1)
Choosing Appropriate Research Methods
116(4)
Guidelines: Researching A Topic
119(1)
Conducting Secondary Research
120(10)
Understanding The Research Media
120(1)
Using Traditional Research Tools
121(1)
Online Catalogs
121(3)
Reference Works
121(1)
Periodical Indexes
122(1)
Newspaper Indexes
122(1)
Abstract Services
123(1)
Government Information
123(1)
Using Social Media And Other Interactive Resources
124(3)
Discussion Boards
124(1)
Wikis
124(1)
Blogs
125(1)
Tagged Content
126(1)
Rss Feeds
126(1)
Tutorial: Tracking Sources With Evernote And Zotero
Evaluating The Information
127(3)
Guidelines: Evaluating Print And Online Sources
129(1)
Conducting Primary Research
130(14)
Analysis Of Social-Media Data
130(3)
Document Analysis Activity: Evaluating Information From Internet Sources
131(2)
Observations And Demonstrations
133(1)
Inspections
134(1)
Experiments
134(1)
Field Research
135(1)
Interviews
136(2)
Guidelines: Conducting An Interview
136(2)
Inquiries
138(1)
Questionnaires
138(9)
Asking Effective Questions
140(1)
Testing The Questionnaire
141(1)
Administering The Questionnaire
141(1)
Presenting Questionnaire Data In Your Document
141(2)
Ethics Note: Reporting And Analyzing Data Honestly
143(1)
Writer's Checklist
144(1)
Exercises
144(1)
Learningcurve: Researching Your Subject
145(1)
Case 6: Revising A Questionnaire
145(1)
7 Organizing Your Information
146(23)
Understanding Three Principles For Organizing Technical Information
147(2)
Analyzing Your Audience And Purpose
147(1)
Using Conventional Patterns Of Organization
148(1)
Displaying Your Organizational Pattern Prominently
149(1)
Understanding Conventional Organizational Patterns
149(18)
Chronological
151(2)
Guidelines: Organizing Information Chronologically
151(2)
Spatial
153(1)
Guidelines: Organizing Information Spatially
153(1)
General To Specific
154(1)
Guidelines: Organizing Information From General To Specific
154(1)
More Important To Less Important
154(2)
Guidelines: Organizing Information From More Important To Less Important
156(1)
Comparison And Contrast
156(2)
Guidelines: Organizing Information By Comparison And Contrast
158(1)
Ethics Note: Comparing And Contrasting Fairly
158(1)
Classification Or Partition
158(2)
Guidelines: Organizing Information By Classification Or Partition
160(1)
Problem-Methods-Solution
160(3)
Guidelines: Organizing Information By Problem-Methods-Solution
162(1)
Cause And Effect
163(8)
Guidelines: Organizing Information By Cause And Effect
165(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Using Multiple Organizational Patterns In An Infographic
166(1)
Writer's Checklist
167(1)
Exercises
168(1)
Learningcurve: Organizing And Emphasizing Your Information
168(1)
Case 7: Organizing A Document For Clarity-And Diplomacy
168(1)
Part 3 Developing And Testing The Verbal And Visual Information 169(188)
8 Communicating Persuasively
170(22)
Considering The Context Of Your Argument
171(4)
Understanding Your Audience's Broader Goals
171(3)
Security
171(1)
Recognition
172(1)
Growth
172(1)
Connectedness
172(2)
Working Within Constraints
174(1)
Ethical Constraints
174(1)
Legal Constraints
174(1)
Political Constraints
174(1)
Informational Constraints
174(1)
Personnel Constraints
174(1)
Financial Constraints
174(1)
Time Constraints
174(1)
Format And Tone Constraints
174(1)
Crafting A Persuasive Argument
175(7)
Identifying The Elements Of Your Argument
175(1)
Using The Right Kinds Of Evidence
176(1)
Considering Opposing Viewpoints
177(2)
Appealing To Emotions Responsibly
179(1)
Deciding Where To Present The Claim
179(3)
Document Analysis Activity: Analyzing Evidence In An Argument
181(1)
Understanding The Role Of Culture In Persuasion
182(1)
Avoiding Logical Fallacies
182(2)
Presenting Yourself Effectively
184(1)
Guidelines: Creating A Professional Persona
184(1)
Ethics Note: Seeming Honest Versus Being Honest In Persuasive Writing
184(1)
Using Graphics As Persuasive Elements
185(1)
A Look At Several Persuasive Arguments
186(3)
Writer's Checklist
189(1)
Exercises
189(1)
Learningcurve: Communicating Persuasively
190(1)
Case 8: Analyzing The Persuasiveness Of A Website
191(1)
9 Emphasizing Important Information
192(23)
Writing Clear, Informative Titles
193(1)
Writing Clear, Informative Headings
194(4)
Tech Tip: How To Modify And Create Styles
196(1)
Guidelines: Revising Headings
197(1)
Writing Clear, Informative Lists
198(6)
Write Effective Paragraph Lists
198(2)
Write Effective Sentence Lists
200(4)
Guidelines: Creating Effective Lists
200(3)
Tech Tip: How To Create Numbered And Bulleted Lists
203(1)
Writing Clear, Informative Paragraphs
204(9)
Structure Paragraphs Clearly
205(4)
The Topic Sentence
205(1)
The Supporting Information
206(1)
Paragraph Length
207
Ethics Note: Avoiding Burying Bad News In Paragraphs
206(2)
Guidelines: Dividing Long Paragraphs
208(1)
Use Coherence Devices Within And Between Paragraphs
209(7)
Adding Transitional Words And Phrases
209(2)
Repeating Key Words
211(60)
Using Demonstrative Pronouns Followed By Nouns
271
Document Analysis Activity: Identifying The Elements Of A Coherent Paragraph
212(1)
Writer's Checklist
213(1)
Exercises
213(1)
Learningcurve: Organizing And Emphasizing Information
214(1)
Case 9: Emphasizing Important Information In A Technical Description
214(1)
10 Writing Correct And Effective Sentences
215(33)
Writing Grammatically Correct Sentences
216(7)
Avoid Sentence Fragments
217(1)
Avoid Comma Splices
218(1)
Avoid Run-On Sentences
218(1)
Avoid Ambiguous Pronoun References
219(1)
Compare Items Clearly
220(1)
Use Adjectives Clearly
221(1)
Maintain Subject-Verb Agreement
222(1)
Maintain Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
222(1)
Use Tenses Correctly
222(1)
Structuring Effective Sentences
223(7)
Emphasize New And Important Information
223(1)
Choose An Appropriate Sentence Length
224(1)
Avoid Overly Long Sentences
224(1)
Avoid Overly Short Sentences
225(1)
Focus On The"Real" Subject
225(1)
Focus On The "Real" Verb
226(1)
Use Parallel Structure
227(1)
Use Modifiers Effectively
228(2)
Distinguish Between Restrictive And Nonrestrictive Modifiers
228(1)
Avoid Misplaced Modifiers
229(1)
Avoid Dangling Modifiers
230(1)
Choosing The Right Words And Phrases
230(12)
Select An Appropriate Level Of Formality
230(1)
Be Clear And Specific
231(5)
Use Active And Passive Voice Appropriately
231(2)
Be Specific
233(1)
Avoid Unnecessary Jargon
234(1)
Use Positive Constructions
234(1)
Avoid Long Noun Strings
235(1)
Avoid Clichés
235(1)
Avoid Euphemisms
236(1)
Ethics Note: Euphemisms And Truth Telling
236(1)
Be Concise
236(4)
Avoid Obvious Statements
236(1)
Avoid Filler
237(1)
Avoid Unnecessary Prepositional Phrases
237(1)
Avoid Wordy Phrases
238(1)
Avoid Fancy Words
239(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Revising For Conciseness And Simplicity
240(1)
Use Inoffensive Language
240(10)
Nonsexist Language
240(1)
People-First Language For Referring To People With Disabilities
241(1)
Guidelines: Avoiding Sexist Language
241(1)
Guidelines: Using The People-First Approach
242(1)
Understanding Simplified English For Nonnative Speakers
242(1)
Preparing Text For Translation
242(1)
Writer's Checklist
243(1)
Exercises
244(3)
Learningcurve: Writing Correct And Effective Sentences
247(1)
Case 10: Revising A Document For Nonnative Speakers And For Translation
247(1)
11 Designing Print And Online Documents
248(46)
Goals Of Document Design
250(1)
Understanding Design Principles
250(4)
Proximity
251(1)
Alignment
251(1)
Repetition
251(1)
Tutorial: Proofreading For Format Consistency Contrast
252(2)
Planning The Design Of Print And Online Documents
254(1)
Analyze Your Audience And Purpose
254(1)
Determine Your Resources
255(1)
Designing Print Documents
255(5)
Size
256(1)
Paper
256(1)
Bindings
256(1)
Accessing Aids
256(4)
Tech Tip: How To Set Up Pages
257(3)
Designing Print Pages
260(16)
Guidelines: Understanding Learning Theory And Page Design
260(2)
Page Layout
262(2)
Page Grids
262(1)
White Space
263(1)
Columns
264(1)
Typography
265(7)
Typefaces
265(1)
Type Families
266(1)
Case
267(1)
Type Size
268(1)
Line Length
268(1)
Line Spacing
268(1)
Justification
269
Tech Tip: How To Format Columns
265(2)
Tech Tip: How To Format Fonts
267(1)
Ethics Note: Using Type Sizes Responsibly
268(3)
Tech Tip: How To Modify Line Spacing
271(1)
Tech Tip: How To Modify Justification
271(1)
Titles And Headings
272(1)
Titles
272(1)
Headings
272(1)
Other Design Features
272(9)
Tech Tip: How To Create Borders And Screens
275(1)
Tech Tip: How To Create Text Boxes
275(1)
Analyzing Several Print-Document Designs
276(5)
Document Analysis Activity: Analyzing A Page Design
280(1)
Designing Online Documents
281(6)
Use Design To Emphasize Important Information
281(1)
Create Informative Headers And Footers
282(1)
Help Readers Navigate The Document
283(2)
Guidelines: Making Your Documents Easy To Navigate
283(2)
Include Extra Features Your Readers Might Need
285(1)
Help Readers Connect With Others
285(1)
Design For Readers With Disabilities
285(1)
Design For Multicultural Audiences
286(1)
Ethics Note: Designing Legal And Honest Online Documents
287(1)
Designing Online Pages
287(2)
Aim For Simplicity
287(1)
Guidelines: Designing A Simple Site
287(1)
Make The Text Easy To Read And Understand
288(1)
Guidelines: Designing Easy-To-Read Text
288(1)
Create Clear, Informative Links
288(11)
Guidelines: Writing Clear, Informative Links
288(1)
Analyzing Several Online-Document Designs
289(2)
Writer's Checklist
291(1)
Exercises
291(2)
Case 11: Designing A Flyer
293(1)
12 Creating Graphics
294(46)
The Functions Of Graphics
295(2)
The Characteristics Of An Effective Graphic
297(2)
Ethics Note: Creating Honest Graphics
298(1)
Guidelines: Integrating Graphics And Text
298(1)
Understanding The Process Of Creating Graphics
299(4)
Planning Graphics
299(2)
Producing Graphics
301(1)
Tech Tip: How To Insert And Modify Graphics
302(1)
Revising Graphics
302(1)
Citing Sources Of Graphics
302(1)
Using Color Effectively
303(3)
Choosing The Appropriate Kind Of Graphic
306(28)
Illustrating Numerical Information
306(17)
Tables
306(6)
Bar Graphs
312(5)
Infographics
317(2)
Line Graphs
319(3)
Pie Charts
322
Guidelines: Creating Effective Tables
310(3)
Tech Tip: How To Use Tab Stops
313(1)
Tech Tip: How To Create Tables
314(1)
Tech Tip: How To Create Graphics In Excel
314(1)
Guidelines: Creating Effective Bar Graphs
315(2)
Guidelines: Creating Effective Infographics
317(3)
Tech Tip: How To Use Drawing Tools
320(1)
Guidelines: Creating Effective Line Graphs
321(1)
Guidelines: Creating Effective Pie Charts
322(1)
Illustrating Logical Relationships
323(3)
Diagrams
323(1)
Organization Charts
324(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Analyzing A Graphic
325(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Interactive Graphic
326(1)
Illustrating Process Descriptions And Instructions
326(4)
Checklists
326(1)
Flowcharts
327(1)
Logic Trees
327(1)
Techniques For Showing Action Or Motion
327(3)
Illustrating Visual And Spatial Characteristics
330(1)
Photographs
330(1)
Screen Shots
330(2)
Line Drawings
332(2)
Maps
334
Tutorial: Photo Editing Basics With Gimp
Guidelines: Presenting Photographs Effectively
330(2)
Tech Tip: How To Create And Insert Screen Shots
332(2)
Creating Effective Graphics For Multicultural Readers
334(1)
Writer's Checklist
335(1)
Exercises
336(3)
Case 12: Creating Appropriate Graphics To Accompany A Report
339(1)
13 Reviewing, Evaluating, And Testing Documents And Websites
340(17)
Understanding Reviewing, Evaluating, And Testing
341(1)
Reviewing Documents And Websites
342(3)
Revising
342(1)
Editing
343(2)
Guidelines: Editing The Draft
343(2)
Proofreading
345(1)
Conducting Usability Evaluations
345(3)
Conducting Usability Tests
348(7)
The Basic Principles Of Usability Testing
349(1)
Preparing Fora Usability Test
349(2)
Conducting A Usability Test
351(2)
Interacting With The Test Participant
351(1)
Debriefing The Test Participant
352(1)
Ethics Note: Understanding The Ethics Of Informed Consent
352(1)
Interpreting And Reporting The Data From A Usability Test
353(7)
Document Analysis Activity: Obtaining Informed Consent
354(1)
Writer's Checklist
355(1)
Exercises
356(1)
Case 13: Revising A Document For A New Audience
356(1)
Part 4 Learning Important Applications 357(248)
14 Writing Correspondence
358(27)
Understanding The Process Of Writing Correspondence
359(1)
Selecting A Type Of Correspondence
360(1)
Presenting Yourself Effectively In Correspondence
360(3)
Use The Appropriate Level Of Formality
360(1)
Communicate Correctly
361(1)
Project The "You Attitude"
361(1)
Avoid Correspondence Clichés
362(1)
Communicate Honestly
362(1)
Ethics Note: Writing Honest Business Correspondence
362(1)
Writing Letters
363(9)
Elements Of A Letter
363(3)
Common Types Of Letters
366(20)
Inquiry Letter
366(1)
Response To An Inquiry
366(1)
Claim Letter
366(4)
Adjustment Letter
370(2)
Writing Memos
372(2)
Guidelines: Organizing A Memo
374(1)
Writing Emails
374(3)
Guidelines: Following Netiquette
375(3)
Document Analysis Activity: Following Netiquette In An Email Message
378
Writing Microblogs
377(3)
Guidelines: Representing Your Organization In A Microblog
379(1)
Writing Correspondence To Multicultural Readers
380(2)
Writer's Checklist
382(1)
Exercises
383(1)
Case 14: Setting Up And Maintaining A Professional Microblog Account
384(1)
15 Writing Job-Application Materials
385(34)
Understanding The Job-Application Process
386(1)
Establishing Your Professional Brand
386(5)
Understanding What Employers Want
387(2)
Guidelines: Building The Foundation Of Your Professional Brand
388(1)
Crafting Your Professional Brand
389(2)
Guidelines: Presenting Your Professional Brand
389(2)
Tutorial: Building Your Professional Brand With Linkedin, Twitter, And More
Ethics Note: Writing Honest Job-Application Materials
391(1)
Planning The Job Search
391(2)
Understanding Four Major Ways To Look For A Position
393(4)
Guidelines: Using Linkedin's Employment Features
396(1)
Writing Résumés
397(14)
Elements Of The Chronological Resume
398(7)
Identifying Information
398(1)
Summary Statement
398(1)
Education
399(1)
Employment History
400(2)
Interests And Activities
402(1)
References
403(1)
Other Elements
404
Guidelines: Elaborating On Your Education
399(6)
Elements Of The Skills Resume
405(1)
Preparing A Plain-Text Resume
405(15)
Guidelines: Formatting A Plain-Text Résumé
406(4)
Document Analysis Activity: Preparing A Résumé
410(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Blane C. Holden's Online Portfolio
411(1)
Writing Job-Application Letters
411(1)
Preparing For A Job Interview
411(3)
Guidelines: Preparing For A Job Interview
413(1)
Writing Follow-Up Letters Or Emails After An Interview
414(2)
Writer's Checklist
416(1)
Exercises
416(2)
Case 15: Identifying The Best-Of-The-Best Job-Search Sites
418(1)
16 Writing Proposals
419(26)
Understanding The Process Of Writing Proposals
420(1)
The Logistics Of Proposals
420(2)
Internal And External Proposals
420(2)
Internal Proposals
421(1)
External Proposals
421(1)
Solicited And Unsolicited Proposals
422(1)
Solicited Proposals
422(1)
Unsolicited Proposals
422(1)
The "Deliverables" Of Proposals
422(3)
Research Proposals
422(2)
Goods And Services Proposals
424(1)
Persuasion And Proposals
425(3)
Understanding Readers' Needs
425(1)
Readers' Needs In An Internal Proposal
425(1)
Readers' Needs In An External Proposal
425(1)
Describing What You Plan To Do
426(1)
Demonstrating Your Professionalism
426(2)
Guidelines: Demonstrating Your Professionalism In A Proposal
427(1)
Ethics Note: Writing Honest Proposals
427(1)
Writing A Proposal
428(1)
The Structure Of The Proposal
428(7)
Summary
419(10)
Introduction
429(1)
Guidelines: Introducing A Proposal
429(1)
Proposed Program
430(1)
Qualifications And Experience
430(2)
Document Analysis Activity: Writing The Proposed Program
431(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Marketing Proposal Presentation
432(1)
Budget
432(1)
Appendixes
432(19)
Task Schedule
433(2)
Description Of Evaluation Techniques
435
Tech Tip: How To Create A Gantt Chart
434(1)
Sample Internal Proposal
435(8)
Writer's Checklist
443(1)
Exercises
443(1)
Case 16: Revising A Brief Proposal
444(1)
17 Writing Informational Reports
445(23)
Understanding The Process Of Writing Informational Reports
446(1)
Writing Directives
447(4)
Document Analysis Activity: High Plains Water-Level Monitoring Study
448(1)
Document Analysis Activity: "Global Forest Change" Interactive Map
448(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Writing A Persuasive Directive
449(2)
Writing Field Reports
Guidelines: Responding To Readers' Questions In A Field Report
451(1)
Writing Progress And Status Reports
451(2)
Ethics Note: Reporting Your Progress Honestly
452(1)
Organizing Progress And Status Reports
452(1)
Concluding Progress And Status Reports
453(17)
Guidelines: Projecting An Appropriate Tone In A Progress Or Status Report
453(1)
Sample Progress Report
453(9)
Writing Incident Reports
462(2)
Writing Meeting Minutes
464(2)
Writer's Checklist
466(1)
Exercises
466(1)
Case 17: Writing A Directive About Using Agendas For Meetings
467(1)
18 Writing Recommendation Reports
468(47)
Understanding The Role Of Recommendation Reports
469(1)
Using A Problem-Solving Model For Preparing Recommendation Reports
470(5)
Identify The Problem Or Opportunity
471(1)
Establish Criteria For Responding To The Problem Or Opportunity
471(1)
Determine The Options
472(1)
Study Each Option According To The Criteria
473(1)
Draw Conclusions About Each Option
474(1)
Formulate Recommendations Based On The Conclusions
474(1)
Ethics Note: Presenting Honest Recommendations
475(1)
Writing Recommendation Reports
475(12)
Writing The Body Of The Report
476(3)
Introduction
476(1)
Methods
477(1)
Results
477(1)
Conclusions
478(1)
Recommendations
478(1)
Guidelines: Writing Recommendations
478(1)
Writing The Front Matter
479(5)
Letter Of Transmittal
479(1)
Cover
479(1)
Title Page
479(1)
Abstract
479(1)
Table Of Contents
480(1)
List Of Illustrations
481(2)
Executive Summary
483
Tech Tip: How To Format Headers, Footers, And Page Numbers
482(1)
Tech Tip: How To Create A Table Of Contents
482(2)
Guidelines: Writing An Executive Summary
484(1)
Writing The Back Matter
484(33)
Glossary And List Of Symbols
484(2)
References
486(1)
Appendixes
487
Document Analysis Activity: Analyzing An Executive Summary
485(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Recommendations Presented In An Audio Podcast
486(1)
Sample Recommendation Report
487(85)
Writer's Checklist
572
Exercises
513(1)
Case 18: Analyzing Decision Matrices
514(1)
19 Writing Lab Reports
515(18)
Persuasion And Lab Reports
516(1)
Understanding The Process Of Writing Lab Reports
517(1)
Understanding The Structure Of The Lab Report
517(6)
Title
518(1)
Abstract
518(1)
Introduction
518(2)
Guidelines: Writing Equations
519(1)
Materials And Methods
520(1)
Results
520(2)
Ethics Note: Presenting Data Honestly
521(1)
Discussion
522(1)
Conclusion
522(1)
Acknowledgments
522(1)
References
523(1)
Appendixes
523(1)
Understanding The Role Of Science And Engineering Articles
523(4)
Document Analysis Activity: Evaluating Lab Reports
524(3)
Sample Lab Report
527(4)
Writer's Checklist
531(1)
Exercises
532(1)
Case 19: Introducing The Scientific Method Through A Lab Report
532(1)
20 Writing Definitions, Descriptions, And Instructions
533(43)
Writing Definitions
535(8)
Analyzing The Writing Situation For Definitions
535(1)
Determining The Kind Of Definition To Write
536(5)
Writing Parenthetical Definitions
536(1)
Writing Sentence Definitions
536(1)
Writing Extended Definitions
537(1)
Guidelines: Writing Effective Sentence Definitions
537(4)
Deciding Where To Place The Definition
541(2)
Writing Descriptions
543(8)
Analyzing The Writing Situation For Descriptions
543(1)
Indicating Clearly The Nature And Scope Of The Description
544(1)
Introducing The Description Clearly
545(1)
Providing Appropriate Detail
546(1)
Guidelines: Providing Appropriate Detail In Descriptions
547(1)
Ending The Description With A Brief Conclusion
547(1)
A Look At Several Sample Descriptions
548(3)
Writing Instructions
551(18)
Understanding The Role Of Instructional Videos
554(1)
Designing A Set Of Written Instructions
555(3)
Guidelines: Designing Clear, Attractive Pages
557(1)
Planning For Safety
558(2)
Ethics Note: Ensuring Your Readers' Safety
558(2)
Drafting Effective Instructions
560(3)
Drafting Titles
561(1)
Drafting General Instructions
561(1)
Drafting Step-By-Step Instructions
562(1)
Drafting Conclusions
563
Guidelines: Drafting Introductions For Instructions
561(1)
Guidelines: Drafting Steps In Instructions
562(1)
Revising, Editing, And Proofreading Instructions
563(1)
A Look At Several Sample Sets Of Instructions
563(16)
Document Analysis Activity: Presenting Clear Instructions
568(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Mechanism Description Using Interactive Graphics
569(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Process Description Using Video Animation
569(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Instructions Using Video Demonstration
569(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Instructions Using Video Screen Capture
569(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Instructions Using A Combination Of Video Demonstration And Screen Capture
569(1)
Document Analysis Activity: Definition Using Video Animation
569(1)
Writing Manuals
569(2)
Writer's Checklist
571(2)
Exercises
573(2)
Case 20: Choosing A Medium For Presenting Instructions
575(1)
21 Making Oral Presentations
576(29)
Understanding The Role Of Oral Presentations
577(1)
Understanding The Process Of Preparing And Delivering An Oral Presentation
578(1)
Preparing The Presentation
579(18)
Analyzing The Speaking Situation
579(1)
Analyzing Your Audience And Purpose
579(1)
Budgeting Your Time
580(1)
Organizing And Developing The Presentation
580(2)
Planning The Introduction
581(1)
Planning The Conclusion
581(1)
Guidelines: Introducing The Presentation
581(1)
Guidelines: Concluding The Presentation
581(1)
Preparing Presentation Graphics
582(5)
Characteristics Of An Effective Slide
583(3)
Graphics And The Speaking Situation
586(2)
Graphics To Signal The Organization Of A Presentation
588
Tutorial: Creating Presentations With Powerpoint And Prezi
Tutorial: Audio Recording And Editing With Audacity
Tech Tip: How To Create A Master Page Design In Powerpoint
587(1)
Tech Tip: How To Set List Items To Appear And Dim During A Presentatipn
588(5)
Choosing Effective Language
593(4)
Using Language To Signal Advance Organizers, Summaries, And Transitions
594(2)
Using Memorable Language
596
Document Analysis Activity: Integrating Graphics And Text On A Presentation Slide
595(1)
Guidelines: Using Memorable Language In Oral Presentations
596(1)
Rehearsing The Presentation
597(1)
Rehearsing The Extemporaneous Presentation
597(1)
Rehearsing The Scripted Presentation
597(1)
Delivering The Presentation
597(3)
Calming Your Nerves
597(2)
Guidelines: Releasing Nervous Energy
598(1)
Using Your Voice Effectively
599(1)
Using Your Body Effectively
599(2)
Guidelines: Facing An Audience
599(1)
Answering Questions After A Presentation
600(1)
Ethics Note: Answering Questions Honestly
601(1)
Sample Evaluation Form
601(3)
Downloadable Form: Oral Presentation Evaluation Form
Speaker's Checklist
604(1)
Exercises
604(1)
Case 21: Understanding the Claim-and-Support Structure for Presentation Graphics
604(1)
Appendix Reference Handbook 605(88)
A Skimming Your Sources and Taking Notes
606(8)
Paraphrasing
607(2)
Quoting
609(1)
Summarizing
610(4)
B Documenting Your Sources
614(44)
APA Style
616(17)
Tutorial: How To Cite a Database in APA Style
Tutorial: How To Cite a Website in APA Style
IEEE Style
633(8)
MLA Style
641(17)
Tutorial: How To Cite a Book in MLA Style
Tutorial: How To Cite an Article in MLA Style
Tutorial: How To Cite a Website in MLA Style
Tutorial: How To Cite a Database in MLA Style
C Editing and Proofreading Your Documents
658(19)
Punctuation
659(10)
Mechanics
669(7)
Proofreading Symbols and Their Meanings
676(1)
D Guidelines for Multilingual Writers (ESL)
677(16)
Cultural and Stylistic Communication Issues
677(2)
Sentence-Level Issues
679(14)
LearningCurve: Articles and Nouns for Multilingual Writers
LearningCurve: Prepositions for Multilingual Writers
LearningCurve: Sentence Structure for Multilingual Writers
LearningCurve: Verbs for Multilingual Writers
Selected Bibliography 693(4)
References 697(6)
Index 703(27)
Index of Selected Features 730

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